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Friday, November 28, 2008

Educations Quality Solution

Improvement of education quality is choice also orientation of nation civilization development as [the] invesment of meter nation-building [the] future length. This orientation absolute conducted because of education is believed as [the] main medium development of human resource quality.
In the context of that's revitalization of education policy continued become government attention. One of that revitalization form [is] policy of education system management from policy that initialy sentralistik turn into desentralistik. As [the] logical consequence from form of education decentralization [is] appearance of education management policy base on school (school based management).
With system of education management base on school are referred [as] assumed education quality can be improved and also role and society and education institution initiative mount micro (school) will more mount.

Aspect Law Protection to Public Road Child

Private Aspect of Legal Protection for Street Children still hasn’t gotten protection measure yet. Street children are the responsibility of all parties, especially for parents. The parents are the important people to arrange them so their activities can be arranged well in their life. Children rights are protected by Convention On The Rights Of Child on 1989 (already ratificated by KEPPRES No. 36 on 1990. Also in Private Law.
Protection for the street children can be done well if the parties who have a role in children protection can cooperate and coordinate well. The parties are: Children Protection Institution (LPA), Legal Aid Institution (LBH).
To keep the street children is the responsibility all people in order to be the good generation.

Monday, November 24, 2008

What that disease of public road child

Much diseases that maybe public road child meet. For example is disease of breath channel. Such as those which we know, public road child is become accustomed to “street”. They a more regular beyond their house, around smoke – vehicle smoke, because [it is true] most of them as [the] public road street musician. Not miss from pollution of usage consequence air fuel have the pollution of high from vehicle – vehicle that they meet. Not to mention, house consequence those in less competent for dwelt. Indoor air-refreshing Obsolence because high indoor density makes indoor air transfer indisposed and breathed in by them.

Poorness very related to dystrophy. [it is true], usually that dystrophy distress is people – indigent people that will never fulfill need gizi with asupan food suggested, “four healthy five perfect”. This often experienced by child – public road child. Dystrophy will cause some serious effects like failure of physical growth, go down it intellegence growth, enthusiasm insuffiency works, degrade productivity, and degrade durability to disease that result death. Even at balita, dystrophy very has an effect on to brain growth that its growth process happened during the period. If this condition is let, public road child will become labourer generation that is not high income impecunious alias, that unable to give nutriment at its child until cycle is redone.

Public road Child is one among some child groups that must get special protection because express existence of various of treatments ekploitasi and abuse to they. For example, existence of sexual abuse from adult or from humanity of public road child. . Organ of public road child reproduction (Elastic) woman often draw fires sexual violence and rentan to infection of sexual disease, entered HIV/AIDS, consequence free seks that is not safe. Nevertheless until now risk is referred [as] have not yet or even unrealize at all. This condition because a large part of public road childs have not yet knew, even not to know beans about pandemic that disseminated pass by that transfer of body fluid. As for perpetrator of sexual violence usually indigenous to themselves community, namely child of men public road that average also not comprehend risk intended. That thing can cause fatal for their reproduction health, because in community of public road child there is strong tendency behavior free seks that is not safe.

Usually public road child getting the “knowledge” seksnya from friend coeval or older public road child, good porn book, film/Porn VCD or peep one who sexual intercourse. Easy its getting the knowledge hits seks influences attitude of public road child to sexual intercourse. In consequence,, of great importance cater them with lesson about reproduction health, although even also in reality very difficult give lesson on reproduction health to child – public road child. They sometimes have sexual intercourse assumption outside marry as [the] fair matter, in consequence, is business from child of itself public road and not bother others importance.

If to correct reading, morally coitus outside marry clear diharamkan. Despitefully, from facet of coitus health that tidaksehat, and surely for children that still underage, contain fatal risk, begin at sexual contagion (PMS) till threat terkenaHIV/AIDS. What a pity if children that still must that protection diseases distress that maybe previous not they know. In consequence,, difficulty come what may at the site, public road children must get addition knowledge about the importance keep in good health reproduction.

Thursday, November 20, 2008

Violence Against Street Children

Number of Children in the street Indonesia have increased rapidly in recent years. The economic crisis is believed to have a big increase this amount. In 1998, Minister of Social Affairs (in the period regime Abddurahman Wahid, the Ministry has been removed) at that time stated that an increasing number of street children around 400% (Kompas, 4/12/98). Currently, the estimated number of street children in Indonesia about 50,000 children and 10% are women (Anwar & Irwanto in Irwanto et al, 1999).
Semarang, the capital of Central Java Province, which is the largest city-to five in Indonesia, did not escape the presence of street children. Mapping conducted by the office of the Ministry of Social Affairs, Central Java (1999), there are around 1,500 children. Other sources estimate around 2,000 street children (Tabloid Manunggal, edition V / Thn XVII / April-May 1998). Before the crisis occurred, PAJS (1997) estimate there are 700 children. Thus, an increasing number of almost 200% after the crisis.
Increasing the number of street children is a phenomenon that rapid social need to get serious attention from various parties. Attention is not merely pushed by the large number of street children, but because the circumstances of the poor street children in which these groups have their rights often accidentally struck.
Before discussing further, the definition of street children meant that in writing this is? Someone aged below 18 years who spent some time or all the time in the streets with activities to get money or to maintain life.

Victims interminable
Children who should still be in play and learning environment, when he went to live or even on the road, then terbayangkah life that they passed? Scanning vision when we met in the street, the activities they do at the crossroad way, for example, already contains a variety of risks such as the accident-prone or risk of disease due to often inhale toxic poison-motorized vehicles. Navigate the more they see the night life in a city park, market, empty buildings, emperan stores, or car-car train in the station, they can terlelap without a mat. The danger is that vision-bayangi? Especially when girls are also found in there? Does more integrated in with them, we will know how the pattern of relationship between them, with those streets, with the general public, state officials, and other parties. Terbayangkah their position?
It is no secret that the street is the world of violence and exploitation. Contention for the race always ended with the defeat without any victory of any party. However, this just continues to progress. An adult-it is not necessarily able to mengarunginya well. Especially for the children!
Various studies, reports programs, and monitoring and reporting the results of the mass media has been drawing a lot of bad situations experienced by street children Semarang. Monitoring PAJS (1997) in the area of Tugu Muda in the period of July-December 1996, records of 22 cases of violence against street children 19 cases (86.3%) by security officers (police, Satpol PP, and the TNI) should provide protection against them. Likewise It also expressed in the report of YDA (1997) stated that the biggest danger is most often experienced by children in the street is the police in which 91% of children have experienced torture caught (Permadi & Ardhianie? Subscribed.; 1997). In addition to cases of violence experienced personally, violence against the community are also often occur. Residents of Plymouth may still occur cases of assault and destruction in the area stop by the house Weak Gempal in 1997 by a group of unknown people that followed the terror-terror against street children (Info Streets, special edition, September 1997). After experiencing bad fortune, street children who terhimpun in PAJS again become victims of violence by the state through the statement of the Regional Municipal Government officials prohibit Newbridge PAJS to move because the organization is considered illegal (Wawasan, 4 April 1998). Cases that occurred recently is the eviction of street children from the home stop by the head of the NGO of the managers themselves and attack a group of people against street children in Manggala where the two girls become victims of rape group (Alliance; 2000).
Other violence is violence and sexual exploitation. Almost all the street children of women had experienced sexual harassment, especially for children who live in the street. When asleep, they often become victims of a friend or i-community street, for example digerayangi body and equipment vitalnya. Other forms of violence is rape. Equivalent (1999), the report states that 30% of women, street children to sexual relations as a result of the first rape. I rarely rape by a group of people known by the term pangris line or Japan. In the area of Simpang Lima, these cases occur often done by a certain group of people. Then, not long this can be done and imposed by our coverage of the mass media about alleged exploitation and violence against dozens of street children, which could be done by pendampingnya own (see for example; Radar Semarang & insight, 2 September 2000; Kompas, 4 September 2000).
Women, street children are also known to be vulnerable victims of commercial sexual exploitation include prostitution, trafficking for the purpose of sexual abuse and pornography. In 1997, there YDA record 8% of street children in Semarang workers. The next year increased to 28% (PSWs Undip; 1998) and increased again to 46.4% (equivalents; 1999). Indications of trafficking children for prostitution with a target street children of women who have been raised by the equivalents (1999). In an indication of its development is increasingly strong. Results of monitoring Foundation equivalents in the period January-June 2000 noted that there are 10 children sold into the region of Batam and Riau (Shalahuddin,-subscribed.; 2000). Pornography case against street children are also alleged to occur. However, so far there are no data that revealed it.

Removing Stigmatisasi
Cases of violence experienced by street children until revealed to the public believes only a small part of cases of violence that often occur in the lives of street children. Therefore, it is not too excessive when it is said that street children are always in a situation that threatens the development of physical, mental and social and even their lives.
In the situation of violence faced by the ongoing journey in life, then that is the lesson inherent in street children who will form a new value and take action, which put out violence as a way to maintain life. When entering the adult, most likely they will become one of the perpetrators of violence and exploitation of street children. Without any effort, then we have a role and make the children as victims interminable.
Of course? care for the fate of street children? it is not expected to linger. There must be concrete efforts to make improvements on the situation of street children or even? The Utopian? the existence of street children. This effort will be a major impact if there is involvement of the bonds and cooperation of various parties such as governments, Non-Government Organizations (NGOs / NGOs), social organizations and society, academia and the general public.
Challenges heaviest of the efforts of various parties involved with the care for street children is stigmatisasi. The view is still dominant sentence as a street child? Wild child?? Dirty? ? source of commotion, and? perpetrators of crimes. Stigmatisasi the existence of this of course will take the full prejudice and will tend to legitimize violence in the streets in the face of street children. Had it happened that various forms of violence and despicable human or not to remove life, the event is not necessarily a tizzy and prod the public conscience. Or there can be grateful that the judge and that the event was acceptable by the street children.
Removing stigmatisasi above are very important. Should realize that street children are victims either as victims in the family, community street, and victims of development. For the protection campaign against street children needs to be done continuously for at least encourage the parties outside of street children in order to stop the actions of violence against street children. Through this campaign also encouraged the growth of empathy to the street children so that there is a concrete involvement of the various parties through various activities for the changes.
Next? Head down to street race, learn and work with street children to make changes.

The Definition of Street Children

From the results of the research foundation Nanda (1996: 112) there are some general characteristics of street children among others: a. Being in public places (streets, markets, shops, places of entertainment) for 24 hours. b. Less educated (mostly school dropouts, and very few have passed the primary school). c. Derived from the families can not afford (mostly urban people, and some of it is not clear family). d. Conduct economic activities (to do the work in the informal sector).

Street children, usually come from families that work and weak economies. Street children grow and develop with the background of street life and familiar with poverty, persecution, loss and love, so burdensome life and make negative behavior.

They are living in the local city, in other cities nearby, or in other provinces. There are street children who live with her mother in a different city with a place to live because of his father's job, married again, or divorced. There are roads that are still children living with the family, who live separately but still often return to the place of family, that there is never live with their families or even children who do not know the family.

Activities Street Children
According to M. Ishaq (2000), there are three ketegori of street children, namely: (1) find satisfaction; (2) carry on living, and (3) immoral actions. The activities of street children is closely related to their mangkal day-to-day, that is, in the plaza, cinemas, road, cross the road, railway stations, terminals, markets, shops and malls.

Factors Causing Children Becoming Street Children
Circumstances city invite high street children. The densely populated city, and many families have problems that make children less nutrition, less attention, less education, less affection and warmth of life, and lose the right to play, cheer, socializes, and independent living, or even the removal of children persecuted mind, physical, and sexual abuse by family, friends, others more mature.

Among street children, some of which are often move between cities. They grow and develop with the background of street life and familiar with poverty, persecution, loss and love, so burdensome life and make negative behavior.

A child terhempas from his family, then become street children caused by many things. Treatment to children is a major cause children to become street children. Persecution that covers their mental and physical. Other than that, in general, street children come from families that the work is heavy and weak economies.

The social phenomenon of street children, especially visible in real big cities, especially after the economic crisis triggered in Indonesia since last five years. The Ministry of Social Affairs in 1998 in 12 large cities reported that the number of street children as many as 39,861 people and about 48% of the children down to the new road since 1998. Nationally it is estimated there are as many as 60,000 to 75,000 street children. DEPSOS noted that 60% of street children have dropped out of school (drop out) and 80% still have relationships with family, and as much as 18% of street children is women who face a high risk of sexual violence, rape, pregnancy outside marriage and infected Sexual Diseases ( STIs) and HIV / AIDS.

Generally, street children have almost no access to education services, health and protection. Their tend rejected by society and often raking (sweeping) by the local city government.
Indonesian

Two Street Children Accepted Lecture at UI

Two street children that every day integrated terminal in Davao City, West Java, had received at the Faculty of Cultural Science, University of Indonesia (FIB-UI) 2008-2009 school year.

They are the Ayatullah Khaimi and Aish Chi, street children who act as street terminal in Davao and trade asongan in the train.

Founder of the terminals Doncaster school for free, Nur Rochim Tuesday (19 / 8) in Depok, proud of the achievement reached by children asuhnya because of limited facilities and infrastructure, teaching-learning they can pass on the higher become the favorite in Indonesia.

"I just think that they can not afford not despair and do not minder, keep learning to achieve the ideals," he said.

He said that street children who attend school in the area is free to set their own schedule. They can still perform daily activities without disturbing the hours of study. In the day, there are three sessions of learning, ie, morning, afternoon and evening. With the flexible schedule that students can follow lessons.

Initially, said Nur Rochim, many street children, beggar junior, and the street to wander around the terminal in Davao. Then, the idea appears to embrace them through education. That is the concept of the early birth of the school terminals. "My Life on to establish such schools to change their lifestyles that seem brutal, illegal, and wishes," said Nur Rochim.

The school is free for the street children, such as a beggar and delicate, which operate around the terminal. Over time, because of the high cost of education, the school owner is free to increase sharply. The declining ability of the economy down due to the increase of fuel price increases with the cost of entry is relatively expensive school in Depok.

Indonesian children


Laws on child protection has been set by our government, but there are still many violations of the laws, either by the parents, the environment, or the school should provide security and full rights to the children.

About free education made by the State, seems still far from the fire in pelaksaannya. There are still many Indonesian children who must willingly "school" in the street. Bureau statistical branch of the central state when the placenta is approximately 200 thousand children living in the placenta or in the street. Most are in denpasar and naughty in the region, they live with a variety of complex problems and with various pressure.

The concept of the ideal of "living in a harmonious environment" as put by the Conference at the United Nations Children's, is still a beautiful dream for the children our nation.